Sash lock and ventilating stop



May 4, 1937. v 1 c. E. HAFSTAD I 2,079,157

, SASH LOCK AND VENTILATINQ STOP Filed Nov: 1, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet ,1

, y 9 c. E. HAFSTAD SASH LOCK AND VENTILATING STOP Filed NOV. 1, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 3y 7265A orne construction.

Patented May 4, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SASH LOCK AND VENTILATING STOP Carl E. H-afstad, Minneapolis, Minn. Application November 1, 1935, Serial No. 47,841

3 Claims.

This application is a continuation-in-part of my application Serial Number 29,853 for Window stop. 7

My invention relates to building hardware and particularly to window stops.

In connection with Window sashes it is desirable to provide a sash stop permitting partial opening of the window but so limiting the degree to which the window may be opened as to prevent entrance of intruders.

An object of my invention is to provide such a window sash stop including means for minimizing the impact and preventing marring of a sash when the sash is brought into abrupt engagement with the stop device. j

Another object is to provide such a stop device having effective means for retaining the device in operative and inoperative positions.

Still another object is to provide such a stop device capable, when in operative position, of limiting the degree to which a window may be opened and yet, when in inoperative position, permitting the window to be opened to a maximum degree.

Yet another object is to provide a window sash stop which may be utilized to either prevent opening of the window beyond a predetermined degree or to prevent any opening of the window.

A further object is to provide such a device of simple, rugged, reliable, compact and inexpensive These and other objects and! advantages will be more fully disclosed in the following, descrip- Fig. 4 is a partially broken away front view of Q the device;

Fig. 5 is' a sectional View taken along the line 5--5 of Fig. 4 as indicated by the arrows;

Fig. 6 is a partially'broken away front view of another form of the invention;

Fig. 7 is a partially broken away front View of still another form of my sash stop showing certain parts thereof in one position in full lines and in another position in dotted lines;

Figs, 8 and 9' are detail views;

Figs. 10 and 11 are respectively front and cross sectional views of a window frame and sashes with my window stop operatively associated therewith, certain parts being shown in one position in full lines and in another position in dotted lines, and

Figs. 12 to 15 inclusive are top views of my device with certain parts thereof in various respective positions.

Referring to the drawings, an embodiment of my window stop is shown in Figs. 1 and 2 associated with a window frame F, an upper sash U and a lower sash L.

The embodiment of my invention shown in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive includes a main portion formed from the flat plate P shown in Fig. 3. The right hand half of the plate P constitutes an attachment element 1 and is provided with suitable apertures 7a. through which anchoring screws lb may be extended.

The left hand half 8 of the plate P has a series of lugs 9 formed integrally therewith and projecting outwardly of the upper edge thereof. An aperture ll), which may be circular in shape, and a slot H which is of generally rectangular shape, are formed in the medial portion of the left-hand half 8 of the plate P, as shown, the slot 7 H "being to the right of and horizontally aligned with the aperture l0. Slits l2 are extended horizontally to the right from the upper and lower edges of the slot H to form an ear or lug l3. Notches or depressions M are formed in the portion of the plate P defining the lower edge of the slot l I adjacent the respective ends of the lower edge of the slot ll.

The left-hand half 8 of the plate P is rolled rearwardly with respect to the front face of the right-hand half I of the plate P so as tobecome a tubular element 8 lying behind the plane of thefront face as shown. The lugs 9 are turned inwardly to partially close the upper end of the tubular element 8. The ear or lug I3 is turned forwardly as shown.

A member such as the cylindrical body I 5 is placed within the lower and medial portion of through the slot I I of the tubular element 8. The pin I6 may be peened or riveted at its rear end to secure the same in the above mentioned diametrical aperture. The aperture III in the tubular element 8 provides access for such a peening or riveting operation.

Resilient means is provided to urge the cylindrical member I5 downwardly. To this end a helical compression spring I1 is interposed between the upper end of the cylindrical member I 5 and the inturned lugs 9, this spring being housed within and confined by the upper portion of the tubular element 8.

A knob-like element I8, formed of compressible elastic material, is placed upon the outer portion of the stop element I6 as shown.

To place the above described window stop device in its intended relation with the sashes of a Window, the attachment plate 1 of the device is secured by means of screws 1b to the lower portion of the inner side member of the upper sash U with the tubular guide element 8 vertically disposed and located toward the glass G of the sash from said inner side as shown. With such an arrangement the device is substantially flush with the inner side of the upper sash U and is out of the upward path of the lower sash L.

To place the stop element IS in operative position the same is swung to a position wherein it extends in a direction normal to the front face of the attachment plate 1 into the upward path of the lower sash L as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 5. When the stop element I6 is so positioned upward movement of the lower sash L or downward movement of the upper sash U will be arrested when the upper horizontal member I9 of the lower sash L and the compressible elastic member I8 engage each other. The shock of such engagement is absorbed in part by the compressible elastic member I8 and in part by the spring I1. The point on the vertical side member of the upper sash I; at which the device is mounted is so selected that the maximum window opening permitted with the stop element I6 in operative position is insuflicient to permit passage of a human body through the available opening.

When it is desired to render the device inoperative so as to permit complete opening of the window the stop element I6 is swung to a position parallel to the face of the attachment plate 1 and out of the path of the lower sash L.

When the stop element I6 is in either its operative or inoperative position the same will be urged downwardly into the corresponding one of the notches I l by the spring I1 and hence will be retained against shifting out of position through shaking or vibration of the sash.

Although the device is shown mounted on the right-hand vertical member of the upper sash U, it obviously can be constructed for mounting on the left-hand vertical member.

When the stop element I6 is in operative position the guard lip or lug I 3 prevents a thin instrument such as a hack saw blade thrust through the crack 20 between the lower horizontal member of the upper sash U and the upper horizontal member IQ of the lower sash L being used to displace the stop element I 6 from its operative position. The guard lug I3 is of such length as to just clear the upper horizontal member I9 of the lower sash L as the same is moved past the lug I3. In Fig. 2 the crack 20 is shown in a plane extending upwardly and outwardly according to the usual practice in window sash construction rather than in a vertical plane. A thin element, such as a hacksaw blade, extending through the crack 20, will, in the portion thereof above the crack 20, be inclined in accordance with the inclination of the plane of the crack 20 and will hence engage the guard lug I3 even though the lug I3 terminates at its free end at a plane extending vertically from the upper end of the crack 20.

Another embodiment of my invention is shown in Fig. 6. In this embodiment an attachment plate ZI carries a tubular element 22 comprising an upper portion 22a of one diameter and a lower portion 22b of a somewhat larger diameter. A rod 23, bent in an L-shape has a main portion journaled in the upper portion 22a and extending into the lower portion 22b of the tubular element 22. The radial portion 23a of the rod 23 comprises a swingable stop element and is provided with a compressible, elastic member 24 similar to the member I8 described in connection with the first form of the device. Notches 25 are formed in the upper end of the tubular element 22 to receive the stop element 23a when the same is respectively in its operative and inoperative positions. An enlarged element 231) is formed on the lower end of the main portion of the rod 23 and a helical compression spring placed in concentric encircling relation with the rod 23 bears at its respective ends against the enlarged element 23b and the lower end of the upper portion 22a of the tubular element 22.

Although the above described device is of slightly difierent construction than the first described device, the general principle, installation and operation thereof are essentially the same as in the first described device.

A third form of my window sash stop, shown in Figs. '7 to 15 inclusive, is suitably constructed for shifting of parts thereof into any of three positions in which it will respectively look a window sash in closed position, permit opening of the window sash to a predetermined limited extent and permit free movement of the sash between its limits of movement, these three positions to be hereinafter respectively referred to as the looking, limiting and off positions.

This form of my device includes a body or plate P including a rectangular fiat mounting portion 26 having suitable apertures or screw holes 26a therein through which anchoring screws may be extended to secure the device to a portion of a Window sash. Another portion of the plate to the left of the fiat portion 26 as viewed in Fig. '1 is rolled to provide a tubular element 21 of which the upper end portion 21a is of reduced diameter.

An elongated element preferably in the form of a cylindrical body such as the rod 28 is disposed at its medial portion in the tubular element 21. The rod 28 is of such diameter as to fit within the restricted portion 21a of the tubular element 21 relatively snugly but with clearance for rotative and sliding movement with respect thereto and of such length as to project a short distance outwardly of the upper end and a somewhat greater distance outwardly of the lower end of the tubular element 21.

A sleeve 29 is immovably mounted on the lower part of the portion of the rod 28 disposed within the tubular element 21 and is journaled in the lower end of the tubular element 21.

Theupwardly projecting upper end of the rod 28 is bent at right angles to provide a radially projecting stop element 28a. The downwardly projecting lower portion of the rod 28 is bent outwardly and downwardly and its lower end is bent to extend parallel to an extension of the the upper and lower stops 28a and 28h.

longitudinal axis of the medial portion of .therod 28 so as to provide a stop element 2% radially spaced from said extended axis. The stop elements 28a and 28b are situated on lines radiating from said-axis in respective directions an acute angle apart, this angle, as shown, being slightly less than a right angle. Since the rod 28 is rotatably carried in the tubular element 21, the stops 28a. and 280 may obviously be simultaneously swing about said axis by rotating the rod 23. i

Referring to Figs. 10 and 11, the device is applied to a window frame F; upper sash U and lower sash L by screwing the base or mounting plate 26 of the device to a vertical portion of the upper sash frame U, as shown, at such an elevation that the lower end of the stop element 281) will be disposed immediately above the top rail of the lower sash frame L. The construction and position of the device is such that all parts thereof except the stops 23a and 28b are always out of the path of the lower sash L when the same is moved upwardly relative tothe upper sash U.

The rod 28 may be rotatively shifted between and to any one of three positions, previously referred to as locking limiting and off positions and respectively in which the lower stop 28?) is placed in the path of the lower sash L as shown in Figs. 10 and 11 in full lines and in Figs. 12 and 15, the lower stop 28?) is placed out of and the upper stop 28a is placed in said path as shown in Figs. 10 and 11 in dotted lines and in Fig. 13 and both stops are placed out of said path as shown in Fig. 14. In the locking position the lower stop 28b functions to retain the upper and lower sashes U and L in closed position. In the limiting position the upper stop 28a functions to limit opening movement of either of the upper and lower sashes U and L relative to the other to a distance determined by the distance between Ordinarily the device should be constructed with this distance so selected as to permit sufiicient opening of the window to provide ample ventilation and yet prevent entrance therethrough of a human body. a

Means is provided for holding the movable parts of the device in any of the three positions referred to above. To this end a slot 30 is provided in the portion of the tubular element 21 containing the sleeve 29. The slot 30 extends ciroumferentially of the tubular element 21 through an arc corresponding to the angle of rotation of the rod 28 in moving the stops 28a and 28b between the lock and off positions thereof respectively shown in Figs. 12 and 14. A pin 3| is suitably secured in the sleeve 3! to extend a short distance radially therefrom so as to work in the circumferential slot 33 and traverse the length thereof as the stops 28m and 28b are swung between the lock and off positions thereof. The pin 3i is disposed in aligned radially extending apertures in the sleeve 29 and the rod 28 so as to fix the sleeve 29 on the rod 28.

The portion of the tubular element 21 defining the lower edge of the slot 30 is provided at one end with an arcuate notch 32 for receiving the pin 3i as shown in Fig, 8 when the stops 28a and 23b are in oif position and with another similar notch 33 at the other end (shown in Fig. 7) for receiving the pin 3! when the lower stop 28b is in look position. Both of the notches 32 and 33 have sloping sides so that rotation of the rod 28 will result in camming of the pin 3| out of either'of these notches in which the pin 3| happened to have been disposed. A rectangular notch 34 (shown in Fig. '7) is provided in the medial part of the portion of the tubular element defining the lower edge of the slot 33 to receive the pin 3| when the upper stop 23a is in limiting position.

Means is provided for yieldably retaining the pin 3! in any of the notches 32, 33 and 34 by placing a helical compression spring 35 in the annular space between the medial portions of the tubular element 21 and the rod 28 so as to bear at its respective ends against the lower end of the restricted portion 21a of the tubular element 2'? and the upper end of the sleeve 29. Releasable means is provided for preventing shifting of the stops 28a and 2812 into 'off position and yet permitting free movement between the lock and limiting positions. The tubular element 21 is provided with a second slot 36 (shown in Figs. 10 and 11) extending longitudinally thereof a short distance upwardly from the first slot 38 and disposed above the notches 33 and 34. The Width and position of the longitudinal slot 36 is such that, when the rod 28 is shifted longitudinally upwardly against the pressure of the spring'35 to bring the pin 31 into the slot 36, the portions of the tubular element 21 defining the sides of the notch 36 will function as stops for limiting angular movement of the pin 31 to movement between positions thereof corresponding to the limiting and locking positions of the upper and lower stops 28a and 282).

To hold the pin 3| above the upper limit of the circumferential slot 3!] so that it will be confined within the limits of the Width of the longitudinal slot 36 a radially projecting lug 31 is formed on the rod 28 in such position that it will just clear the upper end of the restricted portion 21a of the tubular element 21 when the pin 3| is seated in one of the notches 32, 33 and 34. For cooperation with the lug 3! a collar 38, split to form a gap 38a therein, is mounted on the upper portion of the rod 28 in concentric relation thereto. The collar 38 is fitted on the rod 28 more or less snugly but with sufficient clearance L to permit rotation with respect to the rod 28. The lug 31 on the rod 28 is disposed in the gap 38a of the collar 38 when it is desired that the pin 3| be situated for movement in the circumferential slot 33 and for seating in one or another of the notches. When it is desired that the pin 3| be raised into and held in the longitudinal slot 36 the rod 28 is raised against the pressure of the spring 35 to lift the lug 3'! out of the gap 38a of the collar 38, the collar 38 is rotated to shift the gap 38a thereof out of alignment with the lug 31 and the rod 28 is released sothat the spring 35 may pull the lug 3'! into engagement with the upper side of the collar 38 which then functions as a spacing or retaining element. When the rod 28 is rotated. frictional engagement of the lug 31 with the top of the collar 38 under pressure of the spring 35 will cause the collar 38 to "rotate with the rod 28 so as to avoid unwanted working of .the gap 38a into alignment with the lug 31.

It is to be noted that the spring 35 functions as a shock absorber when the lower sash is forced against either of the stops 28d or 2817 and that upward movement of either of the stops against the pressure of the spring in such case is arrested when the spring 35 reaches a fully compressed condition.

It is apparent that I have invented a novel, simple, rugged, compact, reliable and inexpensive window stop which is adapted for easy and convenient installation and operation.

It will, of course, be understood that various changes may be made in the form, details, proportions and arrangement of the parts without departing from the scope of my invention, which, generally stated, consists in a device capable of carrying out the objects above set forth and in the novel parts and combinations of parts disclosed and define-c1 in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A window sash stop comprising a tubular element adapted to be mounted in a vertically disposed position on an upper window sash, an elongated member having a portion thereof journaled in said tubular element and vertically slidable therein within limits, a radially projecting stop element carried by said member whereby said member may be rotatively positioned to place said stop element either in or out of the upward path of a lower sash associated with said upper sash, said tubular element having a slot extending circumferentially thereof, a radial element carried by said member and working in said slot, said tubular element having a slot extending vertically from the portion of said circumferential slot wherein said radial element is disposed when said stop element is in said path, and releasable means adapted for retaining said radial element in said vertical slot above the upper limit of said circumferential slot so that movement of said radial element is limited by the width of said vertical slot to prevent rotation of said member to a position wherein said stop element is out of said path.

2. A Window sash stop comprising a tubular element adapted to be mounted in a vertically disposed position on an upper window sash, an elongated member having its medial portion journaled in said tubular element, radially projecting stop elements respectively carried by the upper and lower ends of said member and disposed in respectively different angular positions relative to the longitudinal axis of said member whereby said member may be r ed to positions wherein one or the other or n\ .er of said stop elements projects into the upwar path of a lower sash associated with said uplier sash, said member being free for limited vertical movement in said tubular element, resilient means for urging said member downwardly, said tubular element having a slot extending circumferentially thereof, a radially projecting pin carried by said member and working in said slot, said tubular element having a slot extending vertically from the portion of said circumferential slot in which said pin is disposed when one or the other of said stop elements is projecting into said path, and releasable means for holding said pin in said Vertical slot above the upper limit of said circum ferential slot whereby swinging movement is limited by the width of said vertical slot so that said member cannot be rotated to a position wherein both of said stop elements are out of said path.

3. A window sash stop comprising a tubular element adapted to be mounted in a vertically isposed position on an upper window sash, an elongated member having its medial portion journaled in said tubular element, a radially extending stop element carried by the upper end of said member, a radially extending stop element carried by the lower end of said member in an angularly different position than said first mentioned stop element whereby said member may be rotated to positions wherein one or the other or neither of said stop elements will project into the upward path of a lower sash associated with said upper sash, said member being free for limited vertical movement in said tubular element, resilient means for urging said member downwardly, said tubular element having a slot extending circumferentially thereof, a radially projecting pin carried by said member and working in said slot, said tubular element having a slot extending vertically from the portion of said circumferential slot in which said pin is disposed when one or the other of said stop elements is in said path, a collar mounted on said member immediately above said tubular element and split to form a gap therein, a radially projecting lug on said member adapted to be disposed in said gap when said pin is in said circumferential slot and adapted to be placed in abutment with the upper side of said collar to raise said pin from said circumferential slot into said vertical slot whereby swinging of said pin is limited by the width of said vertical slot so that said member cannot be rotated to a position wherein both of said stop elements are out of said path.

CARL E. HAFSTAD. 

